The Battle of Koregaon, also known as the Battle of Bhima Koregaon, is a significant event in Indian history that took place on January 1, 1818, near the village of Koregaon Bhima in present-day Maharashtra, India. The battle was fought between the British East India Company's forces, composed mostly of Mahar (Dalit) soldiers, and the Peshwa-led Maratha Empire.
The British East India Company had engaged in conflicts with various regional powers across India during the expansion of British colonial rule. In 1817, the Peshwa of the Maratha Empire, Baji Rao II, sought to challenge British dominance in the region and launched an attack on Pune, which was then under British control.
In response, the British assembled a force consisting of around 800 soldiers, including around 500 Mahar soldiers who were considered "low-caste" at the time. The Mahar soldiers fought alongside other units of the British army against the Peshwa's forces at Koregaon Bhima. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the British and their Mahar allies successfully defended their position and repelled the attack.
The Battle of Koregaon has gained significant historical and cultural significance, particularly for the Mahar community. It is seen as a symbol of resistance against caste-based discrimination and a celebration of the valor and courage of the Mahar soldiers who fought against the dominant Maratha forces.
Every year on January 1st, the anniversary of the battle, a commemorative event known as the Koregaon Bhima Shaurya Din Prabodhan is held at the site. The event attracts visitors from various communities and is often marked by processions, speeches, and cultural programs.
It's important to note that interpretations and perceptions of the Battle of Koregaon can vary among different communities and interest groups. The battle has been a subject of historical and socio-political discussions, and its significance continues to resonate in modern India.
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