Hayat Ashraf

Biogeography is a scientific discipline that examines the distribution patterns of organisms across space and time. It combines concepts from biology and geography to understand the factors that influence the distribution of species, communities, and ecosystems. Here are some key points about biogeography: 1. Distribution Patterns: Biogeographers study the distribution patterns of organisms at various scales, ranging from local to global. They investigate why certain species are found in specific regions while absent from others, and how communities and ecosystems vary across different geographic areas. 2. Factors Influencing Distribution: Biogeography considers both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors that shape the distribution of organisms. Biotic factors include interactions with other species, such as competition, predation, and mutualism. Abiotic factors include climate, geography, geology, topography, soil composition, and other physical environmental variables. 3. ...