Hayat Ashraf

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms. They are classified into two main types: aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. Let's explore hydrocarbons and some of their common derivatives: 1. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:    a. Alkanes: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that have single bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n+2. Methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8) are examples of alkanes. Alkanes are used as fuels and can be converted into other hydrocarbon derivatives through various chemical reactions.    b. Alkenes: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. They have the general formula CnH2n. Ethene (C2H4) and propene (C3H6) are examples of alkenes. Alkenes are used as starting materials for the synthesis of polymers, such as polyethylene and polypropylene.    c. Alkynes: Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at...