Hayat Ashraf

Communalism refers to the belief or ideology that a person's religious or communal identity should be the primary basis of their social, political, and economic affiliations and interactions. It involves the division of society along religious or communal lines and the promotion of exclusive identities and interests. Communalism often leads to the polarisation of communities, fostering hostility, and conflicts between different religious or communal groups.  The scope of communalism encompasses various aspects: 1. Identity and Group Affiliation: Communalism revolves around the construction and reinforcement of religious or communal identities as the primary basis of social belonging. It emphasizes the loyalty and solidarity towards one's religious or communal group, often leading to the exclusion of other groups. 2. Politics and Governance: Communalism influences politics and governance, as political parties and leaders may exploit religious or communal sentiments for electoral...