Hayat Ashraf

Genetic engineering is a field of biotechnology that involves the manipulation of an organism's genes or genetic material to achieve desired characteristics or outcomes. This is typically done through the introduction, deletion, or modification of specific genes in an organism's DNA. The process and applications of genetic engineering have significant implications across various fields, including agriculture, medicine, industry, and environmental conservation. Here's an overview of the genetic engineering process and some of its applications: Genetic Engineering Process: 1. Isolation of Genetic Material: The first step involves isolating the DNA containing the gene of interest from the source organism. This can be done through various techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or restriction enzymes. 2. Gene Manipulation: Once the target gene is isolated, it can be modified through techniques like gene splicing, where specific DNA sequences are cut and removed, or ...