Hayat Ashraf

Genomics is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of genomes, which are the complete set of genes or genetic material within an organism. It encompasses a wide range of techniques, methods, and approaches to analyze and understand the structure, function, and evolution of genomes. Key concepts in genomics include: 1. Genes: Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. They are the basic units of heredity and play a crucial role in determining an organism's traits. 2. DNA Sequencing: DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine) in a DNA molecule. This technology has been instrumental in advancing genomic research and has enabled the identification of genes, regulatory regions, and variations in DNA sequences associated with diseases. 3. Genome Assembly: Genome assembly is the process of piecing together the short fragments of DNA sequences obtained ...