Hayat Ashraf

The polar vortex is a large-scale circulation pattern in the Earth's atmosphere that is centered around the poles. It is characterized by a counter-clockwise flow of air in the Northern Hemisphere (called the Arctic polar vortex) and a clockwise flow in the Southern Hemisphere (called the Antarctic polar vortex). The polar vortex is strongest during the winter months and weakens or even splits into multiple vortices during the summer. Here are some key features and characteristics of the polar vortex: 1. Location: The polar vortex is typically located in the stratosphere, above the troposphere, which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs. In the Northern Hemisphere, it is centered over the Arctic region, while in the Southern Hemisphere, it is centered over the Antarctic region. 2. Structure: The polar vortex is a large, circular band of strong winds that circulates around the pole. It extends vertically from the tropopause (the boundary between the troposphere...