Hayat Ashraf

Geomorphology is the study of landforms and the processes that shape the Earth's surface. Geomorphic processes are the natural forces and mechanisms that contribute to the formation, modification, and erosion of landforms. These processes can be classified into various categories: 1. Weathering: Weathering is the breakdown and alteration of rocks and minerals at or near the Earth's surface. It can occur through physical (mechanical) weathering, such as freeze-thaw cycles and abrasion, or through chemical weathering, involving reactions with water, acids, and gases. Weathering weakens rocks, making them more susceptible to erosion. 2. Erosion: Erosion is the transportation and removal of weathered materials, such as sediment, soil, and rock fragments, by natural agents such as water, wind, ice (glaciers), and gravity. Different erosional processes include:    - Water Erosion: Running water in rivers, streams, and rainfall can erode and transport sediments, carving valleys and c...