Hayat Ashraf

Before 1857, the world was a very different place compared to the present. Here's a glimpse into some key aspects of that era: 1. Colonialism: The 19th century was the height of European colonialism, with major powers like Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands establishing vast overseas empires. These empires exploited the resources of their colonies and exerted control over indigenous populations. 2. Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution was well underway, primarily in Europe and North America. This period saw a significant shift from agrarian economies to industrialized societies, marked by the mechanization of production, the rise of factories, and the growth of urban areas. 3. Slavery: Slavery was prevalent in many parts of the world, particularly in the Americas. African slaves were forcibly brought to the New World to work on plantations and in mines, enduring brutal conditions and the denial of basic human rights. 4. Feudal Systems: In variou...