Skip to main content

UPSC Civil Service History Optional Syllabus

The syllabus for the UPSC Civil Services Examination with History as an optional subject is as follows:

Paper I:
1. Sources and approaches to study of ancient and medieval Indian history.
2. Pre-history and proto-history: Geographical factors; hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic); beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic).
3. Indus Valley Civilization: Origin, extent, major sites, society, economy, and culture.
4. Megalithic cultures: Distribution of megaliths in India; cultural dimensions.
5. Aryans and Vedic Period: Expansions of Aryans in India; Vedic culture; society and economy; religious and philosophical ideas; Mahajanapadas; Jainism and Buddhism; Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact.
6. Period of Mauryas: Chandragupta, Asoka; Ashoka's inscriptions; Asoka's dhamma; the decline of the Mauryas.
7. Post-Mauryan Period: Early state and society in Eastern India, Kharavela, the Satavahanas, Gupta Empire; society; Harsha; Indian feudalism; territorial states and their significance; the decline of the Guptas.
8. Early Medieval India: Rajputs; Arab conquest of Sind; the Chola empire; Vijayanagar empire; the Delhi Sultanate; the Mughals.
9. Cultural Traditions in India: Intellectual and aesthetic achievements; literary sources; the dialects of Hindi; Bhakti and Sufi movements; the Vijayanagar empire; Maratha state; Mughal court; Mughal nobility; Mughal architecture and art; the regional cultures.
10. Modern Indian History: European penetration into India; British conquest of Bengal; the economic impact of British colonial rule; social and cultural developments during the British period; social and religious reform movements in the 19th and 20th centuries; factors leading to the birth of Indian nationalism; the role of different social and religious groups in the national movement; the rise of militant nationalism; the revolutionaries; the Gandhian era; the post-independence consolidation and reorganization of India.

Paper II:
1. European expansion and colonialism: Mercantilism and the European economy; the industrial revolution and the emergence of capitalism; the colonial conquest of Asia and Africa; colonial policies and the response of the colonized people; the rise of nationalism in Asia and Africa.
2. Origins of Modern Politics: Enlightenment and modern ideas; the French Revolution; the Industrial Revolution; the ideas of liberty, equality, fraternity; the rights of man and citizen; nationalism and liberalism; the revolutions of 1830 and 1848; the socialist and communist movements; nationalism in Europe: Italy and Germany; the unification of Italy and Germany.
3. World Wars: The First World War and its aftermath; the League of Nations; the Second World War; fascism and Nazism; the Soviet Union and the socialist states; the Chinese Revolution; the First World War: causes, consequences, and significance; the Russian Revolution of 1917; the emergence of socialist thought.
4. The World After World War II: United Nations; the emergence of the two power blocs; the Cold War; the collapse of the colonial system; the creation of the United Nations; the African nationalism and the movement of liberation; the socialist bloc; the non-aligned movement; the disintegration of the Soviet Union; the post-Cold War world order.
5. Indian Nationalism: Factors leading to the growth of nationalism; the first phase of nationalism, 1857-1905; the moderates; the extremist phase, 1905-1918; the Gandhian era



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

International Council on Monuments and Sites

Ahom era 'Moidams', resting place of royal families, in Assam's Charaideo district have been recommended for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List by its international advisory body International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS).  About International Council on Monuments and Sites: It was established in 1965 in Warsaw (Poland) as a result of the Venice Charter of 1964 and offers advice to UNESCO on World Heritage Sites. It is an international non-governmental organisation that is comprised of professionals, experts, representatives from local authorities, companies and heritage organisations, and is dedicated to the conservation and enhancement of the architectural and landscape heritage throughout the world. Key facts about Moidams The Moidams (also Maidams) are the mound-burial system of the Ahom dynasty (13th century-19th century). The mound-burial system of the royals of the Ahom dynasty in Assam’s Charaideo district can be likened to the royal tombs...

Biodiversity conservation in India

Biodiversity conservation in India is a crucial issue due to the country's rich and diverse natural heritage. India is one of the world's top biodiversity hotspots, with a wide range of ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity. The Indian government and various organizations have implemented several initiatives and policies to protect and conserve the country's biodiversity. Here are some key aspects of biodiversity conservation in India: 1. Legal Framework: India has enacted several laws and regulations to protect its biodiversity. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 is a landmark legislation that provides legal protection to wildlife and their habitats. The Forest Conservation Act of 1980 regulates the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. Additionally, the Biological Diversity Act of 2002 aims to conserve India's biological resources and associated traditional knowledge. 2. Protected Areas: India has a network of protected areas, including national park...

Ancient History of India

Ancient History of India encompasses the period from the earliest human settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization (around 3300 BCE) to the rise of the Maurya Empire around 320 BCE, with the development of key cultural, political, and societal elements that continue to influence India today. The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world’s earliest urban centers, flourished along the Indus River in present-day Pakistan and northwestern India. It is noted for its advanced urban planning, sophisticated drainage systems, and extensive trade networks. Cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa were characterized by well-planned grids, public baths, and large granaries, indicating a highly organized society. However, the civilization mysteriously declined around 1900 BCE, possibly due to a combination of environmental factors, such as climate change, and the collapse of trade networks. Following the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization, India entered the Vedic period (1500-500 BCE), named ...