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Physical Features of Israel

Israel is a country located in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It has a diverse range of physical features that include:

1. Coastal Plain: Along the western side of Israel lies a narrow coastal plain that stretches from north to south. This plain is relatively flat and is home to major cities like Tel Aviv and Haifa.

2. Central Mountain Range: Running through the center of the country is a mountainous region known as the Central Mountain Range or the Judean Mountains. This range includes the Samarian Hills and the Judean Hills, with peaks reaching around 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) in height.

3. Jordan Rift Valley: In the eastern part of Israel, the Jordan Rift Valley extends from the Sea of Galilee in the north to the Dead Sea in the south. This is a geological depression formed by the tectonic movement of the African and Arabian plates. The valley is characterized by deep canyons, steep cliffs, and the lowest point on Earth, the shores of the Dead Sea.

4. Negev Desert: The southern region of Israel is predominantly desert, known as the Negev Desert. It covers about 55% of the country's total land area and is characterized by arid landscapes, sand dunes, and rocky terrain.

5. Golan Heights: In the northeastern part of Israel, near the border with Syria, lies the Golan Heights. It is a hilly plateau with an elevation ranging from 400 to 1,200 meters (1,300 to 3,900 feet) above sea level. The region is known for its volcanic rock formations, fertile soil, and water resources.

6. Galilee: The northern region of Israel is known as the Galilee, a mountainous and hilly area with lush green landscapes. It is home to the Sea of Galilee, a freshwater lake that is an important water source for the country.

7. Coastal Cliffs and Caves: The coastal areas of Israel feature high cliffs and natural caves. The most famous of these is the Rosh Hanikra, located on the border with Lebanon, where the white cliffs meet the Mediterranean Sea.

8. Rivers: Israel has several rivers, although they are relatively short. The major rivers include the Jordan River, which flows through the Sea of Galilee and into the Dead Sea, and the Yarkon River, which runs through the Tel Aviv metropolitan area.

These physical features contribute to the diverse landscapes and natural beauty of Israel.

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