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हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग का क्या मतलब होता है

हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग" इसके शाब्दिक अर्थ पर जाएंगे तो इसका मतलब घोड़ों की खरीद- फरोख्त से है, लेकिन यहां पर किसी घोड़े को नहीं खरीदा जा रहा है. कैंब्रिज डिक्शनरी के अनुसार "हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग" शब्द का मतलब किन्हीं दो पार्टियों के बीच चतुराई पूर्ण ऐसी संधि से होता है, जिसमें एक दूसरे को दोनों लोग लाभ पहुंचाने के लिए कोई काम करते हैं. भारतीय राजनीति में इस तरह की स्थिति जब भी बनती है, राजनेता इसे "हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग"का नाम देते हैं

हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग शब्द कब प्रचलित हुआ?
हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग शब्द 1820 के आसपास सामने आया था. तब इसका मतलब राजनीति से नहीं, बल्कि घोड़ों की खरीद-फरोख्त से था. उस दौरान घोड़े पालने वाले और घोड़े खरीदने वाले लोग अलग-अलग हुआ करते थे. इनके बीच कुछ बिचौलिए यानी ट्रेडर होते थे, जो कुछ कमीशन लेकर घोड़ों को एक जगह से खरीदकर दूसरी जगह बेचते थे. लेकिन इस ट्रेडिंग में धीरे-धीरे एक चालाकी सामने आने लगी. घोड़े बेचने वाले व्यापारी या बिचौलिए अधिक फायदा कमाने के लिए कुछ अच्छी नस्ल के घोड़े छिपा देते थे. उनको बेचने के लिए चालाकी कर ज्यादा पैसे वसूलते थे.

राजनीति में क्या होती है हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग? 
राजनीति में हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग किसी पार्टी की सरकार बनाने या गिराने के लिए की जाती है. इसमें राजनीतिक दल एक-दूसरे दल के सदस्यों को पैसे, पद और प्रतिष्ठा का लालच देकर अपनी ओर मिलाने का प्रयास करते हैं. राजनीति में इसी डील को हॉर्स ट्रेडिंग कहते हैं.
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